46
PROC OPTIONS
GROUP=
ENVFILES
Default:
none
Windows
specifics:
Values intended to represent files or paths must be valid under Windows
Syntax
-SET SAS-variable "value" | ("value-1"…<"value-n"> )
SET=SAS-variable "value" | (" value-1"…<"value-n"> )
Syntax Description
SAS-variable
specifies the environment variable to define.
value
specifies the value or set of values to assign to the environment variable. If value is a
pathname that contains spaces, enclose value in quotation marks.
Details
This action is analogous to defining a Windows environment variable with the Windows
SET command. One way to use the SET system option is to set up environment
variables that represent commonly used external files. For example, the following code
defines an environment variable for the sample source library:
-set sampsrc (!sasroot\base\sample
!sasroot\stat\sample
!sasroot\graph\sample)
When you refer to SAMPSRC as a library name during your SAS session, SAS
automatically assigns the library with the directories listed. Note that !sasroot is also a
SAS environment variable that represents the root directory of your SAS installation,
and is typically assigned in the SAS configuration file.
Environment variables only can be used as a libref if you use the SET system option at
SAS invocation and not in an OPTIONS statement.
If you specify SET on the command line when you start SAS, the variable is set only for
that SAS session. To set an environment variable for repeated use, either add the SET
system option to your configuration file or create a Windows environment variable.
You can use the APPEND and INSERT system options to add additional file
specifications.
Note: The words AUX, CON, NUL, LPT1 - LPT9, COM1 - COM9, and PRN are
reserved words under Windows. Do not use CON or NUL as environment variable
names.
See Also
• “Assigning SAS Libraries Using Environment Variables” on page 136
• “Using Environment Variables” on page 156
• “APPEND= System Option” in SAS System Options: Reference
• “INSERT= System Option” in SAS System Options: Reference
SET System Option: Windows
571
44
SGIO System Option: Windows
Activates the Scatter/Gather I/O feature.
Valid in:
configuration file, SAS invocation
Category:
Files: SAS Files
PROC OPTIONS
GROUP=
SASFILES
Default:
NOSGIO
Windows
specifics:
all
Syntax
-SGIO | -NOSGIO
Syntax Description
SGIO
specifies to activate the scatter–read / gather–write feature. The scatter–read /
gather–write feature remains active until your SAS session ends.
NOSGIO
specifies not to activate the scatter-read/gather-write feature.
Details
The SGIO system option greatly improves I/O performance for SAS I/O files (data sets,
catalogs, indexes, utility files, and other I/O files) when the PC has a large amount of
RAM. Scatter-read / gather-write bypasses intermediate buffer transfers between
memory and disk.
When SGIO is active, SAS uses the number of buffers that are specified by the BUFNO
system option to transfer data between disk and RAM. I/O performance usually
improves as the value for the BUFNO increases. Try different values of the BUFNO
system option to tune each SAS job or DATA step.
The scatter-read / gather-write feature is active only for SAS I/O files that
• contain a 4K-multiple page size (for example, 4096 or 8192) on 32–bit systems
• contain a 8K-multiple page size (for example, 8192 or 16384) on 64-bit systems
• were not created by using Version 6 of SAS
• are accessed sequentially.
If an I/O file does not meet these criteria, SGIO is inactive for that file even though the
SGIO option is specified. You can access more information about SGIO in the SGIO
Usage document.
See Also
• “BUFNO System Option: Windows” on page 504
• “SAS Features That Optimize Performance” on page 207
572
Chapter 22 • SAS System Options under Windows
45
SLEEPWINDOW System Option: Windows
Enables or disables the SLEEP window.
Valid in:
configuration file, SAS invocation
Category:
Environment Control: Display
PROC OPTIONS
GROUP=
ENVDISPLAY
Default:
SLEEPWINDOW
Windows
specifics:
all
Syntax
-SLEEPWINDOW | -NOSLEEPWINDOW
Syntax Description
SLEEPWINDOW
specifies to display the SLEEP window.
NOSLEEPWINDOW
specifies not to display the SLEEP window.
Details
The SLEEP window appears when the SLEEP function or the WAKEUP function
suspends the execution of a DATA step. The SLEEP window displays the time that
remains before the DATA step begins running.
See Also
• “SLEEP Function: Windows” on page 414
• “WAKEUP Function: Windows” on page 416
SORTANOM System Option: Windows
Specifies options for the host sort utility.
Valid in:
configuration file, SAS invocation, OPTIONS statement, SAS System Options
window
Category:
Sort: Procedure Options
PROC OPTIONS
GROUP=
SORT
Default:
none
Windows
specifics:
all
SORTANOM System Option: Windows
573
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Syntax
-SORTANOM option(s)
SORTANOM= option(s)
Required Argument
option(s)
can be one or more of the following:
b
tells SyncSort to run in multi-call mode instead of single-call mode.
t
prints statistics about the sorting process in the SAS log.
v
prints all of the commands that are passed to the SyncSort utility in the SAS log.
See Also
“Passing Options to SyncSort” on page 448
SORTCUT System Option: Windows
Specifies the data size in number of observations above which SAS uses the host sort instead of the
internal SAS sort.
Valid in:
configuration file, SAS invocation, OPTIONS statement, SAS System Options
window
Category:
Sort: Procedure Options
PROC OPTIONS
GROUP=
SORT
Default:
0
Windows
specifics:
all
Syntax
-SORTCUT n | nK | nM | nG | hexX | MIN | MAX
SORTCUT= n | nK | nM | nG | hexX | MIN | MAX
Required Arguments
n | nK | nM | nG
specifies the number of observations in multiples of 1 (n); 1,024 (nK); 1,048,576
(nM); and 1,073,741,824 (nG), respectively. You can specify decimal values for n
when it is used to specify a K, M, or G value. For example, a value of 8 specifies 8
observations, a value of .782k specifies 801 observations, and a value of 3m
specifies 3,145,728 observations.
574
Chapter 22 • SAS System Options under Windows
45
hexX
specifies the number of observations as a hexadecimal value. You must specify the
value beginning with a number (0–9), followed by an X. For example, the value 2dx
specifies 45 observations.
MIN
specifies 0 observations.
MAX
specifies 2,147,483,647 observations.
Details
When you specify SORTPGM=BEST and SAS determines that the database sort utility
is not to be used, SAS uses the value of the SORTCUT and SORTCUTP options to
determine whether to use SyncSort or the SAS sort. If the data set to be sorted is larger
than the number of bytes (or kilobytes or megabytes) that you specify with SORTCUTP,
SyncSort is used instead of the SAS sort program. The value that you specify must be
less than or equal to 2,147,483,647 bytes. If both SORTCUT and SORTCUTP are either
not defined or are set to 0, the SAS sort is used. If you specify both options and either
condition is true, SAS uses SyncSort.
See Also
• “SORTCUTP System Option: Windows” on page 575
• “SORTPGM System Option: Windows” on page 578
• “Sorting Based on Size or Observations” on page 447
SORTCUTP System Option: Windows
Specifies the data size in bytes above which SAS uses the host sort instead of the internal SAS sort.
Valid in:
configuration file, SAS invocation, OPTIONS statement, SAS System Options
window
Category:
Sort: Procedure Options
PROC OPTIONS
GROUP=
SORT
Default:
0
Windows
specifics:
all
Syntax
-SORTCUTP n | nK | nM | nG | hexX | MIN | MAX
SORTCUTP= n | nK | nM | nG | hexX | MIN | MAX
Required Arguments
n | nK | nM | nG
specifies the number of bytes in multiples of 1; 1,024 (kilobytes); 1,048,576
(megabytes); and 1,073,741,824 (gigabytes), respectively. You can specify decimal
SORTCUTP System Option: Windows
575
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46
values for the number of kilobytes, megabytes, or gigabytes. For example, a value of
8 specifies 8 bytes, a value of .782k specifies 801 bytes, and a value of 3m specifies
3,145,728 bytes.
hexX
specifies the number of bytes as a hexadecimal value. You must specify the value
beginning with a number (0–9), followed by an X. For example, the value 2dx
specifies 45 bytes.
MIN
specifies 0 bytes.
MAX
specifies 2,147,483,647 bytes.
Details
When you specify SORTPGM=BEST and SAS determines that the database sort utility
is not to be used, SAS uses the value of the SORTCUTP and SORTCUT options to
determine whether to use SyncSort or the SAS sort. If the data set to be sorted is larger
than the number of bytes (or kilobytes or megabytes) that you specify with SORTCUTP,
SyncSort is used instead of the SAS sort program. The value that you specify must be
less than or equal to 2,147,483,647 bytes. If both SORTCUTP and SORTCUT are either
not defined or are set to 0, the SAS sort is used. If you specify both options and either
condition is true, SAS uses SyncSort.
The following equation computes the number of bytes to be sorted:
number of bytes= ((length-of-obs) + (length-of-all-keys)) * number-of-obs
See Also
• “SORTPGM System Option: Windows” on page 578
• “SORTCUT System Option: Windows” on page 574
• “Sorting Based on Size or Observations” on page 447
SORTDEV System Option: Windows
Specifies the pathname to temporary files that are created by the host sort utility.
Valid in:
configuration file, SAS invocation, OPTIONS statement, SAS System Options
window
Category:
Sort: Procedure Options
PROC OPTIONS
GROUP=
SORT
Default:
same location as -WORK, which is set in the configuration file
Windows
specifics:
all
Syntax
-SORTDEV "pathname"
SORTDEV ="pathname"
576
Chapter 22 • SAS System Options under Windows
42
Required Argument
“pathname”
specifies a valid Windows pathname.
Details
The SORTDEV option specifies an alternative pathname for temporary files created by
the SyncSort utility. The pathname must be enclosed in quotation marks.
See Also
• “WORK System Option: Windows” on page 599
• “Passing Parameters to SyncSort” on page 449
SORTNAME System Option: Windows
Specifies the name of the host sort utility.
Valid in:
configuration file, SAS invocation, SASV9_OPTIONS environment variable,
OPTIONS statement
PROC OPTIONS
GROUP=
SORT
Default:
none
Windows
specifics:
all
Syntax
SORTNAME="host-sort-utility-name"
-SORTNAME host-sort-utility-name
Details
The SORTNAME= option specifies the name of the default host sort utility. You can
specify syncsort.
See Also
“SORTPGM System Option: Windows” on page 578
SORTPARM System Option: Windows
Specifies the parameters for the host sort utility.
Valid in:
configuration file, SAS invocation, OPTIONS statement, SAS System Options
window
Category:
Sort: Procedure Options
PROC OPTIONS
GROUP=
SORT
SORTPARM System Option: Windows
577
45
Default:
none
Windows
specifics:
all
Syntax
SORTPARM="SyncSort-parameters"
-SORTPARM "SyncSort-parameters"
Required Argument
SyncSort-parameters
specifies any parameters that you want to pass to the SyncSort utility. Enclose
SyncSort- parameters in quotation marks.
Details
See the SyncSort for Windows documentation for a description of SyncSort- parameters.
SORTPGM System Option: Windows
Specifies whether to use the SAS sort utility or the host sort utility or to let SAS choose the sort utility.
Valid in:
configuration file, SAS invocation, OPTIONS statement, SAS System Options
window
Category:
Sort: Procedure Options
PROC OPTIONS
GROUP=
SORT
Default:
BEST
Windows
specifics:
all
Syntax
-SORTPGM SAS | BEST | HOST
SORTPGM=SAS | BEST | HOST
Required Arguments
SAS
tells SAS to sort by using the SAS sort routine.
BEST
tells SAS to determine the best sort routine to sort the data: a database sort, the SAS
sort, or SyncSort. When SAS determines that the sort is not to be done by the
database, SAS looks at the values for both SORTCUT and SORTCUTP. If they both
are set to zero, the SAS sort is used. If both options are set and either condition is
met, SAS uses the SyncSort routine.
HOST
tells SAS to sort by using SyncSort for Windows.
578
Chapter 22 • SAS System Options under Windows
47
See Also
• “SORT Procedure: Windows” on page 445
• “SORTCUT System Option: Windows” on page 574
• “SORTCUTP System Option: Windows” on page 575
SORTSIZE System Option: Windows
Specifies the amount of memory that is available to the SORT procedure.
Valid in:
configuration file, SAS invocation, OPTIONS statement, SAS System Options
window
Categories:
Sort: Procedure Options
System Administration: Memory
PROC OPTIONS
GROUP=
MEMORY
SORT
Default:
1G
Windows
specifics:
Default value
See:
“SORTSIZE= System Option” in SAS System Options: Reference
Syntax
-SORTSIZE n | nK | nM | nG | hexX | MIN | MAX
SORTSIZE= n | nK | nM | nG | hexX | MIN | MAX
Required Arguments
n | nK | nM | nG
specifies the amount of memory in multiples of 1; 1,024 (kilobytes); 1,048,576
(megabytes); and 1,073,741,824 (gigabytes) respectively. You can specify decimal
values for the number of kilobytes, megabytes, or gigabytes. For example, a value of
8 specifies 8 bytes, a value of .782k specifies 801 bytes, and a value of 3m specifies
3,145,728 bytes.
hexX
specifies the amount of memory as a hexadecimal value. You must specify the value
beginning with a number (0–9), followed by an X. For example, the value 2dx sets
the amount of memory to 45 bytes.
MIN
specifies the minimum amount of memory available.
MAX
specifies the maximum amount of memory available.
Details
By default, this option is set to the maximum amount of memory available. The
SORTSIZE system option can reduce the amount of swapping SAS must do to sort the
data set. If PROC SORT needs more memory than you specify, it creates a temporary
SORTSIZE System Option: Windows
579
42
utility file in your SAS work directory in which to store the data. The SORT procedure's
algorithm can swap unneeded data more efficiently than Windows can.
If you can place the SAS data file that you want to sort in physical memory on your
machine, then a sort in SAS is very efficient. Set SORTSIZE to be larger than the size of
the data file. If you cannot fit the data file in physical memory, then set SORTSIZE to
1G or less. In addition, SORTSIZE should always be set to a value that is at least 8M
smaller than MEMSIZE.
Comparisons
The SORTSIZE option is similar to the REALMEMSIZE option. SORTSIZE affects
only the SORT procedure. REALMEMSIZE affects multiple procedures.
See Also
• “SORT Procedure: Windows” on page 445
• “Improving Performance of the SORT Procedure” on page 208
SPLASH System Option: Windows
Specifies whether to display the splash screen (logo screen) when SAS starts.
Valid in:
configuration file, SAS invocation
Category:
Environment Control: Display
PROC OPTIONS
GROUP=
ENVDISPLAY
Default:
SPLASH
Windows
specifics:
all
Syntax
-SPLASH | -NOSPLASH
-SPLASH ON | -SPLASH OFF
Syntax Description
SPLASH or SPLASH ON
specifies to display the logo screen when SAS initiates.
NOSPLASH or SPLASH OFF
specifies to not display the logo screen when SAS initiates.
Details
The SPLASH system option displays the SAS logo screen when SAS initiates.
You can specify a custom splash screen to display with the SPLASHLOC system option.
See Also
“SPLASHLOC System Option: Windows” on page 581
580
Chapter 22 • SAS System Options under Windows
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