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Media Item Stretch Marker double-click modifiers.
Double-click on a stretch marker to reset its value to 1.0.
Ctrl Double-click on a stretch marker to open a dialog (shown here)
where you can manually edit start rate, end rate, or both.
These options can also be accessed from the context menu, using the
Stretch marker, Stretch marker at cursor command.
10.9
Using Time Signature/Tempo Change Markers
The default project Beats per Minute and Time Signature for any project are determined by the values assigned
in the Project Settings window. You can change this for the entire song by any of these methods:
Display the Project Settings window (Alt Enter) and change it there, or
Press W to return the edit cursor to the start of the song, then either ...
Type your value in the BPM edit box (shown here) or Time Signature edit box on the transport bar, or ...
Hover your mouse over the BPM edit box on the transport bar and scroll the
mousewheel up or down.
If you wish to make time signature or tempo changes within a song, your Project
Settings should use the default setting Beats (position, length, rate).
The project tempo map envelope can be used for changes (see Chapter 17). This works for the most part just
like any other automation envelope. Note, however, that editing multiple points at once on this envelope causes
each point to be adjusted
pro rata
, not by a constant BPM value.
You can make changes within a song, by inserting a Time Signature/Tempo Change Marker. This changes the
beat after the marker position. To change these at any current cursor point, use the BPM or time signature edit
box in the transport bar, or:
1. Position the edit cursor at the required place in the song.
2. From the menu, choose the Insert command, then Time
signature/tempo change marker (or press Shift C).
3. Specify your requirements in the dialog box (right). Available
choices include BPM, whether to Gradually transition
tempo to next marker, Set new time signature , Allow
a partial measure before this marker and (where the
metronome is enabled and uses a beat pattern) to define a
New metronome pattern starting at this point. Click OK.
Time Signature markers can later be modified, for example by
editing (double-click on marker) or moving them (drag and drop).
Note, however, the following:
Tempo/time signature markers are always pinned to beat
position rather than time.
Manually editing time signature markers requires them to be
placed at the start of a measure.
With snap enabled (Chapter 7), time signature changes snap to bars, tempo changes snap to beats.
With snap disabled (Chapter 7), moving time signature markers will modify the preceding tempo if
necessary to ensure that the project contains only complete measures.
Time signature changes that truncate the previous measure are marked with a *.
Time signature correction may be problematic when a project contains linear tempo transitions.
One tempo/time signature marker cannot be moved past another.
The ruler context menu includes other
commands relating to project tempo and
measure – these are shown on the right.
Note also that the Preferences, Audio
Seeking page includes the toggle option
Playback position follows project timebase
when changing tempo – see Chapter 21.
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C# Excel - Excel Conversion & Rendering in C#.NET use XDoc.Excel SDK to convert Excel document to PDF document. of C# demo code for Excel to TIFF image conversion You may directly copy and paste it into your C#
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63
11 - The Mixer and Master
11 The Mixer and Master
11.1
Introduction
Until now, most of the emphasis has been on working in Arrange View. This is hardly surprising, as that is the
area where you will find yourself spending most of your time (at least with audio) and doing most of your work.
As your mix progresses, however, you will find that the
REAPER Mixer becomes more important. The contents
of this section should help you to familiarise yourself
thoroughly with the REAPER Mixer and its various
features and capabilities. You will also learn more
about how to get the best out of the REAPER Master.
Mixer display is toggled on and off using the View,
Mixer command (Ctrl M).
Note: Some of the screen shots shown in this chapter
use themes other than REAPER 5 default. The
commands and actions, however are the same
regardless of which theme you are using.
11.2
Mixer Commands
The Mixer menu (above right) is opened by right-
clicking over the title bar or any any vacant area of the
mixer window, or by clicking over the word “Master”
on the Master track, or (when docked) right-clicking on
the Mixer tab in the docker.
This menu offers you much flexibility as to how the
mixer is displayed. For example, you can choose
whether or not you wish to display (and be able to
manage) your FX and sends in the mixer. The main mixer menu options are summarized overleaf.
You can also access the TCP context menu in Mixer view by right-clicking over any track name or number.
11.3
Mixer Layouts and Screensets
Commands on the Mixer menu let you select
what
is displayed in
the mixer: mixer layouts let you decide
how
it is displayed. Chapter
12 - Project Management Features, covers the topic of layouts (TCP
and MCP) in more detail, but for now note the following:
Layouts are created and saved with, and attached to,
individual color themes, not within REAPER itself. An example
of an alternative mixer layout (Session mixer) is shown here
(left). The theme that you are using might not include this
exact same layout. Themes can be downloaded from
stash.reaper.fm. To select an installed theme, use the
Options, Themes command.
Layouts can be accessed by choosing Set Track Layout then
Mixer Panel from the TCP context menu, or Options,
Layouts from the main menu, or by the View, Screensets/
Layouts command, then selecting the Layouts tab.
Mixer layouts are assigned on a per track basis. If using the
context menu, you should first select the tracks for which you
want the layout assigned. If using the Screensets/Layouts
window you can choose to apply the layouts globally or to
selected tracks only.
Before getting too involved with layouts, however, it will pay you to familiarise yourself with the Mixer menu
commands and what they do.
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11.4
Mixer Menu Commands and Options
Command
Description
Master Track
Leads to a sub-menu of toggle options for Master Track:
Show in mixer
Show on right side of mixer
Show in separate window
Show in docker
The View, Floating Mixer Master command (from REAPER's
main menu) can also be used to toggle the floating of the
Mixer Master in its own window.
Show folders
Determines whether track folders are shown.
Show normal top level tracks
Determines whether tracks not in folders are shown.
Show tracks that are in folders
Determines whether tracks in folders are shown.
Show tracks that have receives
Determines whether tracks with receives are shown.
Scroll view when track activated
If there is not sufficient room in Mixer view to display all
tracks, the mixer will scroll to follow the TCP track selection.
Auto-arrange tracks in Mixer
Mixer track order will follow any changes to track order made
in the TCP. Disable this if you want to arrange tracks in a
different order in the MCP and TCP.
Group folders to left
Places track folders to the left. This can be useful at times in
bringing all your submix folders, but confusing at other times
for separating folders from their child tracks.
Group tracks that have receives to left
Places all tracks with receives to the left. Especially useful if
the only tracks with receives are all buses.
Clickable icon for folder tracks to
show/hide children
Enables folders to be opened/closed to show/hide child tracks.
Show multiple rows of tracks where
size permits
Shows tracks displayed in up to three rows when tracks will
not fit in one row and the mixer window has sufficient height.
Show maximum rows even where
tracks would fit in less rows
Causes tracks to be displayed in as many rows as will fit in the
track height, regardless of how few tracks there are.
Show sends when size permits
Displays a Sends bin above the track controls.
Show FX inserts when size permits
Displays an FX chain area above the track controls.
Show FX parameters when size
permits
Shows FX parameter controls: right-click on any of these to
assign control to an FX parameter.
Show track icons in Mixer
Track icons (if used) will be shown in tracks in the mixer.
Show icon for last track in folder
Displays the last track in folder icon for last track in folder.
Dock Mixer in Docker
Docks the mixer in the REAPER docker.
Close
Closes the Mixer view.
Tip: Double-click on any track panel in the Mixer to toggle on and off zoom to track in the TCP. This behavior
can be changed on the Mouse Modifiers page of your preferences (see Chapter 14). You can also use the
Mouse Modifiers page to add further actions of your own. For example, you could assign Ctrl Double-click
to the action Track: Set to custom color … How to assign your own actions is also explained in Chapter 14.
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11.5
Showing and Hiding Types of Mixer Tracks
Take as an example the above project. It has two folders (or parents) - Vocals and Instruments, containing two
and three child tracks respectively - and one top level track, called Reverb. There are sends from the two folders
to the Reverb track
(which acts as a bus),
and the tracks have
some FX in them.
The four “Show”
commands on the
Mixer menu are used
to determine which
types
of track are
displayed.
In the example shown
here we might have
reached a stage in
our mixing where we
are happy with the
balance within our
submix folders and
want to focus on
getting the balance
between the
submixes and the
level of our vocal and instrument folders and our reverb bus just right.
In this case, we could elect to show not the tracks that are in the folders, but only the folders, tracks that have
receives and our master track (on the right). This example also uses a sidebar mixer layout.
The example shown here is a simple one: imagine how useful this feature might be if your project contained
perhaps 90 individual tracks inside perhaps a dozen submix folders and with maybe another half dozen buses!
In that case, you might also find one or more of the Show and Group commands to be very handy.
The Mixer menu does not have the facility to specifically hide or unhide named individual tracks. However, this
can be done using the Track Manager. The Track Manager will be explored in Chapter 12.
11.6
Working with FX in the Mixer
If you wish, you can do just about all of your FX management working in Mixer view. You can add FX to tracks,
move or copy them from one track to another, open the FX window for any plug-in, or open the track's FX chain
for more complete FX control. For this to be possible, though, you need to enable on the Mixer menu the option
Show FX inserts when size permits. The table below summarizes these and other activities.
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In order to do this ...
… you do this
Change the order of plug-ins in the FX Chain. Drag and drop up or down the order.
Copy FX from one track to another (similar
to Track View).
Drag and drop FX to FX area on another track.
Display FX context menu
Right click on any displayed plug-in name.
Display the Add FX window.
Click in any vacant area of the FX area.
Display the FX chain and the control window
for that plug-in.
Ctrl click on any displayed plug-in name.
Move FX from one track to another.
Alt drag and drop to another track.
Open and float a plug-in’s control window.
Click on the plug-in name.
Remove a plug-in from FX Chain.
Alt click on plug-in name.
Remove all plug-ins from a track’s FX Chain.
Alt click on track’s FX button.
Toggle offline status of a plug-in.
Ctrl shift click on plug-in name.
Toggle bypass state for a plug-in.
Shift click on plug-in name.
In addition, right clicking over the FX area of any track in the Mixer
produces a context menu as shown on the right. If you click over an
empty part of the FX area then some commands (such as Float FX
configuration) will not be available. If you right click over an actual
plug-in name then you will be presented with the full menu. You can use
this for any of the following:
Add FX... Opens FX browser for you to add any installed FX plug-in(s),
Quick Add FX Displays a sub-menu of recently used FX: you can select
any item from this menu to add to the track's FX chain.
Add FX Chain Displays a menu of FX chains, any of which you can
select and insert in this track.
Replace FX... Opens FX browser for you to replace selected FX with any
other: any existing routing configuration will be preserved.
Quick replace FX... Opens sub-menu of recently used FX, from which you can choose any item to replace the
selected FX.
Float FX configuration Opens the FX window for the selected plug-in.
Show FX chain Opens FX chain for the track: same as clicking on the track's FX button.
Bypass chain Sets FX chain for this track to bypass. Same as clicking on the track's FX enable/disable button.
Bypass FX Sets the individual plug-in to bypass mode.
Offline FX Sets the individual plug-in offline.
Delete FX Removes this plug-in from this track's FX chain.
Rename FX instance Allows you to give an individual name to this particular FX instance.
Track FX Parameter Controls
You can turn your mixer into your own truly customized mixing console by adding controls directly to the mixer
track panels for those FX parameters that you find you are most likely to need to tweak most often.
You'll find more useful information about this in Chapter 12, Project Management Features.
Meanwhile, it's easy to get started. Let's see how you would go about creating a console like
that shown below.
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11 - The Mixer and Master
Notice the
rotary faders
for Band 2
and Band 4
EQ gain on
every track.
Example
You can use one of your existing project files for this example.
1. Open one of your earlier project files, for example, All Through the Night MARKERS and save it as All
Through the Night MIXER.
2. Display the Mixer. Undock it, and adjust the width and height of
this window as you prefer.
3. From the Mixer menu enable Show FX inserts when size
permits and Show FX parameters when size permits.
4. Insert into the first track an instance of ReaEQ.
5. Select the band 3 settings page.
6. Click once on the Gain fader control for this band, then click on
the Param button to display the Param menu.
7. Click on Show in track controls.
8. Select the band 2 settings page and click once on the gain fader
for this band.
9. Click on the Param button to display
the Param menu. Click on Show in
track controls (see above). Close
the EQ window.
10.In the mixer, you should now see
these two controls displayed for track
1. Drag and drop the ReaEQ from
track 1 in turn to each of the other
tracks. Save the file.
Note 1: These controls can also be assigned
within the Mixer. Right-click over the control
button, then choose the FX and parameter
from the context menu (see above). Choose
All parameters if you wish to add a control
for each of the FX parameters.
Note 2: These controls will be added to the track control panel as well as the mixer panel. You could of course
have created as many controls as you like, not just these two. This exercise was just an example.
Note 3: When we revisit this topic in Chapter 12, you will see that we have a couple of options up our sleeves
for making it easy to have controls like this automatically added to new tracks as they are created.
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11.7
Working with Sends in the Mixer
Enabling the Show sends when size permits option from the Mixer menu will cause your existing sends to
be displayed, each with a small rotary fader to enable you to adjust the send volume level directly from the
mixer panel. Right clicking over an existing send causes a menu to be displayed with the options shown here.
Right clicking over an empty part of a track's sends area will produce a menu with only one command – Show
track routing window. This can also be displayed by left clicking anywhere on the track's empty sends area.
Show send parameters Opens a small window with parameters
(volume, pan, etc.) for that send.
Mute send Toggles the send's mute status.
Remove send Deletes the send altogether.
Show track routing window Opens the track's routing window.
Go to send destination track Selects the send's destination track.
As well as this menu, a number of other techniques are available for
creating, editing and managing your sends. You can drag and drop from
the ROUTING button of one track to another (as in the TCP) to create sends, but using the sends area of a
track's channel strip for this purpose offers you more options. This can be seen in the following table:
In order to do this ...
… you do this
Add a send from one track to another.
Drag and drop from one track's send area or
ROUTING button to the other. In the latter case, a
send control window will be opened.
Add a send from one track to another and
open control window for that send.
Ctrl drag and drop from one track's send area or
ROUTING button to the other.
Add a send from one track to another and
disable send from first track to the master.
Alt drag and drop from one track's send area or
ROUTING button to the other. Use this method to
create sends from several source tracks to the same
destination track to create a traditional submix.
Add several sends to one track in one
action
Select all sending tracks. Hold Shift while dragging
and dropping from send area or ROUTING button of
any selected track to receiving track.
Add several receives to a track in one
action
Select all tracks from which you want the sends to
come. Hold Shift while dragging and dropping from
the ROUTING button of the receiving track
(unselected) to any of the selected tracks.
Copy a send from one track to another
Drag and drop the send to another track.
Delete a send.
Alt click on the send.
Display a context menu.
Right click on any send
Open entire routing window for a track.
Ctrl click on a send
or
Click in empty part of sends
area
or
Click on the ROUTING button.
Open the control window for a send.
Click on the send – allows you to change volume
and/or pan, specify send/receive channels, mute etc.
Raise or lower the send volume level.
Click and drag on a send’s control knob.
Toggle a send’s mute status on or off.
Shift click on the send.
Note that in the above table, those actions which use the routing button can be carried out in both the Track
Panel and the Mixer Panel.
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