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Absolute and relative references

In a network distributed application, you can use absolute or relative

references to refer to application components, such as graphic displays and

tags, when building FactoryTalk View commands or connecting graphic

objects to process data.



Absolute references point directly at a specific component, by

referring to the component’s name and the area (or areas, in the case of

nested areas) in which it is located.

For example, an absolute reference to a graphic display called Detail in

an area called AssemblyLineNorth is:

/AssemblyLineNorth::Detail

Tip:

An absolute reference to an application’

s root area does

not include the application’s name, even though the

name is shown in the root area in FactoryTalk View

Studio.

Use absolute references to ensure that a specific component in a

specific location is used, regardless of where it is referenced from.



Relative references point at a component relative to the current server

or area. For example, a relative reference to a graphic display named

Detail is simply the display’s name:

Detail

When a relative reference is used, FactoryTalk View assumes that the

component is located in the current area.

Use relative references, for example, to re-use component names in a

network distributed application for a plant that has identical production

lines. Such an application might contain different areas to represent

each production line; however, each area would contain the same

component names.

Absolute reference syntax

When using absolute references:



Precede area names with a forward slash ( / ). Also use forward slashes

to separate area names from other area names.



Separate area names from component names with two colons ( :: ).

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Example: Absolute and relative references to tags in the same graphic

display

The graphic display named Detail, use in the previous examples, contains an

absolute reference to a tag named Speed in the AssemblyLineNorth area. The

absolute reference is:

/AssemblyLineNorth::Speed

The display also contains a relative reference to a tag named Temp. The

relative reference is the tag’s name:

Temp

If you were to copy the Detail display to an area named AssemblyLineSouth,

the display would still look for the tag named Speed in the

AssemblyLineNorth area, because it contains an absolute reference to that

tag.

However, the display would look for the tag named Temp in the

AssemblyLineSouth area because it contains a relative reference to that tag.

If the tag named Temp cannot be found in the AssemblyLineSouth area when

the Detail display is run, a FactoryTalk Diagnostics error will be logged.

Example: Using absolute and relative references with the Display

command

To create a button that an operator can press to open a display named

Overview, use the Display

command in the button’s press action, in one of

the following ways:



To create an absolute reference to the display called Overview in the

area called Baking, type:

Display /Baking::Overview



To create an absolute reference to the display called Overview in the

area called Packaging, type:

Display /Packaging::Overview



To create an absolute reference to the display called Overview in the

root area of the application, type

Display /::Overview



To create a relative reference to the display called Overview, in the

area where the Display command is run, type:

Display Overview

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Tip:

Use the Command Wizard to build commands that take

application components as parameters. The wizard

supplies the correct syntax, based on the location of the

component you select.

System availability

To minimize data loss and down time, and to help ensure that critical parts of

a control system remain available to connected clients, FactoryTalk View SE

provides features such as server status monitoring and support for online

changes.

For information about these and other availability features, see Setting up

FactoryTalk system availability on page 349.

Tip: You can set up HMI redundancy in network distributed

applications only. You can set up Data Server and FTAE

Redundancy in network distributed applications and

network station applications, but not in local station

applications.

About HMI server redundancy

In process monitoring and control automation, redundancy refers to the

ability of the system running the process to continue working correctly, when

parts of the system become unavailable or fail.

In a FactoryTalk View SE network distributed application, you can set up

redundancy on paired computers, for critical components such as HMI

servers. You can set up HMI redundancy in Network Distributed applications

only. One computer in the pair hosts the primary server, and the other hosts

the secondary (or backup) server.

In the event that the primary HMI server cannot provide service to

application clients, the system switches to the secondary server, and

FactoryTalk View SE Clients continue to function normally. There is no

need to restart client or server computers.

You can set up Data Server and FTAE Redundancy in Network Distributed

applications and Station applications. Redundancy is not available for Local

Station applications. For more information, see Setting up a redundant HMI

server pair on page 360.

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Tip:

For details about setting up redundancy for other

application servers, such as third-party OPC data

servers, see the product documentation.

Language switching

To make user-defined text strings in an application available at run time in up

to 40 different languages, set up language switching for the application.

For more information, see Setting up language switching on page 323.

To create a network distributed application, in FactoryTalk View Studio,

first you create the application, and then you add elements such as areas,

HMI servers, data servers, and FactoryTalk Tag Alarm and Event Servers.

To create a network distributed application:

1. Select Start > All Programs > Rockwell Software > FactoryTalk

View > FactoryTalk View Studio.

2. In the Application Type Selection dialog box, select View Site Edition

(Network Distributed), and then click Continue.

3. In the New/Open Site Edition (Network Distributed) Application

dialog box, click the New tab.

4. Type a name and description for the application, select an application

language, and then click Create.

In the Explorer window, the application icon and name are shown

beneath the Network Directory icon.

Creating network

distributed

applications

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A network distributed application can consist of one or more areas, up to 10

HMI servers (one per area or subarea), and, if necessary, multiple data

servers and FactoryTalk Tag Alarm and Event Servers. You add these

elements to the application, after you create it.

Adding and deleting areas

You can add and delete areas in an application. You cannot copy areas.

To add an area:

1. In FactoryTalk View Studio, in the Explorer window, right-click the

application root or right-click an area name, and then click New Area.

2. In the New Area dialog box, type a name for the area, and an optional

description, and then click OK.

To delete an area:

Right-click the area you want to delete, and then click Delete.

When you delete an area, HMI servers and data servers located in the area

are not deleted from disk.

Adding an HMI server

After you create a network distributed application, you must add at least one

HMI server, either to the application’s root area, or to an area you have

added.

A network distributed application can contain multiple HMI servers, but each

area in an application can contain only one HMI server.

Adding areas and

servers to a network

distributed

application

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To add an HMI server:

1. In FactoryTalk View Studio, in the Explorer window, right-click the

application root or right-click an area name, select Add New Server >

HMI Server.

2. In the Add HMI Server wizard, in the Select Operations window, click

one of the following options:



Create a new HMI server. When you create an HMI server, the

server’s HMI project is created automatically.



Copy an HMI server that already exists. After you have copied an

HMI server, changes made to the original do not affect the copy, or

vice versa.



Import a project from RSView32, FactoryTalk View SE, or

FactoryTalk View Machine Edition, as the basis for the new HMI

server. After you have copied a project, changes made to the

original do not affect the copy, or vice versa.



Attach to an existing HMI server without making a copy of the

HMI server.

Note: You cannot attach to an existing HMI server that is being used

in another application.

3. Click Next, and then follow the instructions in the wizard to finish

adding the server.

Tip:

The Add Controller Instruction Faceplates dialog box

opens, if it’

s set to show when you create a new HMI

server. If you do not want to add faceplates, click Cancel

to close the dialog box, without affecting server creation.

For more information about adding faceplates, see

Adding controller instruction faceplates to an application

on page 420.

After adding the HMI server, you can set up its properties. For details, see

Setting up HMI server properties on page 159.

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Then, you can use editors in the Explorer window to create HMI project

components, such as graphic displays, HMI tags, and data log models.

Adding a data server

The application root area can contain one HMI server and one or more OPC

Data servers. It is a system best practice to only have one RSLinx

Enterprise data server in the root area or individual area.

To add an RSLinx Enterprise data server:

1. In FactoryTalk View Studio, in the Explorer window, right-click the

application root or right-click the area name, select Add New Server >

Rockwell Automation Device Server (RSLinx Enterprise).

2. Set up server properties, such as the name and location of the server,

whether to provide redundancy using a secondary server, and whether

the server will support alarms and events.

For details, see the RSLinx Enterprise product documentation.

To add an OPC data server:

1. In FactoryTalk View Studio, in the Explorer window, right-click the

application root, or right-click the area name, select Add New Server

> OPC Data Server.

2. Set up properties, such as the name and location of the server, and

whether to provide redundancy using a secondary server.

For details, see the RSLinx Classic (or other OPC data server) product

documentation.

For additional information about setting up RSLinx and OPC data servers,

see Setting up communications on page 177.

Adding a Tag Alarm and Event Server

Optionally, you can add FactoryTalk Tag Alarm and Event Servers to an

application.

Tag Alarm and Event Servers use FactoryTalk Alarms and Events services to

monitor and control alarms for tags in programmable controllers (PLC-5 or

SLC 500) and other devices, that do not have built-in alarm detection.

For more information about Tag Alarm and Event Servers, see Setting up

FactoryTalk alarms on page 261.

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Deciding when to use multiple servers

A network distributed application does not require more than one HMI server

or data server, but there are circumstances, in which it is helpful to use

additional servers. For example, you can add servers:



To set up redundancy for HMI servers or data servers.



To let different integrators work on different HMI servers, without

worrying about name collisions or having to integrate all the project

files later.

Adding servers for redundant operation

To provide secondary application servers in the event that the primary

servers goes out of service, set up redundant HMI servers and data servers.

Tip: If you plan to deploy a network distributed application

that uses more than two servers (or two pairs of

redundant servers) and 20 clients, or if you would like

architectural assistance, contact your local Rockwell

Automation Sales office for architectural assistance .

For information about setting up redundant FactoryTalk

View SE Servers, see Setting up FactoryTalk system

availability on page 349.

You must set up redundancy separately for each server in an application. For

more information, see Setting up FactoryTalk system availability on page

349.

Adding servers for load balancing

Over time, an HMI project might increase in size, or the number of clients

connecting to an HMI server or data server might increase to the point where

the computer running the server becomes overloaded.

To balance the load, install another HMI server or data server on a separate

computer, and then move some of the HMI project components, or some of

the OPC server tags, to the new server. This distributes processing more

effectively across computers.

Running multiple HMI servers

Each area in a network distributed application can contain only one HMI

server.

When deploying a network distributed application for production, ensure that

there are no more than two HMI servers running on each host computer. If

the HMI servers are primary and secondary partners in a redundant pair, only

one server per computer is permitted.

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For more information about system limits and requirements, see About

FactoryTalk View SE system limits on page 357.

Providing HMI server names

The FactoryTalk Directory stores HMI server names and does not delete

them, even if you remove an HMI server from all the applications in which it

is used, and then delete the HMI server’s project files.

This means that every HMI server must have a unique name:



You cannot re-

use an HMI server’s name, even after you delete

the

HMI server from an application.



If multiple users share the same FactoryTalk Directory, the names of

all HMI servers created by all users must be unique.

Similarly, if multiple applications share the same FactoryTalk

Directory, the name of each HMI server in each application must be

unique.

Monitoring disk space on HMI servers

After deploying a FactoryTalk View SE network distributed application,

monitor disk space on computers running HMI servers to make sure that it

does not fall below 500 MB.

To monitor disk space:

In the HMI server’s Events editor, create an event that uses the

free_bytes function to return the number of free bytes available on the

HMI server’

s hard disk.

2. Create an HMI analog or digital alarm tag.

To indicate when disk space drops below preset levels above 500 MB,

set up alarm conditions for an HMI analog tag. To indicate only when

disk space drops below 500 MB, set up alarm conditions for an HMI

digital tag.

For information about setting up events, see Adding logic and control on

page 631.

After adding an HMI server to a network distributed application, use the

Properties dialog box to:



Select a startup type for the HMI server.



Set up redundancy for the HMI server.

Setting up HMI

server properties

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

Select the components that will run when the HMI server starts up.



Specify a macro to run when the HMI server shuts down. If the HMI

server is redundant, specify a macro for when the server becomes

active, or goes into standby mode.



Change the name of the computer on which the HMI server is running.

You must set up the properties of each HMI server in a network distributed

application separately.

To open the HMI Server Properties dialog box:

In FactoryTalk View Studio or the FactoryTalk View SE Administration

Console, in the Explorer window, right-click the HMI server icon, and then

select Properties.

For details about options in the HMI Server Properties dialog box, click

Help.

Changing the name of the host computer

In the General tab of the HMI Server Properties dialog box, the name of the

computer running the HMI server is shown beside the text box Computer

hosting the server.

To change to the name of the host computer, a copy of the HMI server must

exist on the computer that will be the new host.

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