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

Operators in parentheses are evaluated first. Use parentheses to change

the order.



Two operators of the same precedence are evaluated from left to right.



Operators not enclosed in parentheses are evaluated as follows:

Evaluation order

Symbols

1 (highest)

( )

NOT

MOD, %

AND, & &

–

OR, ||

EQ, =

NE, < >

LT, <

GT, >

LE, < =

GE, > =

Examples: Evaluation order

In the following examples, tag1 = 5, tag2 = 7, and tag3 = 10.

_____________________________

(tag1 > tag2) AND (tag1 < tag3)

is evaluated in this sequence:

1. tag1 > tag2 = 0

2. tag1 < tag3 = 1

3. 0 AND 1 = 0

The expression evaluates to 0 (false).

_____________________________

tag1 > tag2 AND tag3

is evaluated in this sequence:

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1. tag2 AND tag3 = 1

2. tag1 > 1 = 1

The expression evaluates to 1 (true).

_____________________________

NOT tag1 AND tag2 > tag3 ** 2

is evaluated in this sequence:

1. NOT tag1 = 0

2. 0 AND tag2 = 0

3. tag3 ** 2 = 100

4. 0 > 100 = 0

The expression evaluates to 0 (false).

The following sections describe the built-in functions you can use in

FactoryTalk View SE expressions.

Many of the built-in functions check for specific true and false conditions. If

the condition is true, the expression returns a value of 1. If the condition is

false, the expression returns a value of 0.

Math functions

Use the built-in math functions to calculate the square root, log (natural or

base 10), or trigonometry ratios (in radians or degrees) of a tag or expression.

This function

Returns this value

SQRT (expression)

The square root of the expression

LOG (expression)

The natural log of the expression

LOG10 (expression)

The base ten log of the expression

SIN (expression)

The sine of the expression in radians

COS (expression)

The cosine of the expression in radians

TAN (expression)

The tangent of the expression in radians

ARCSIN (expression)

The arc sine of the expression in radians

ARCCOS (expression)

The arc cosine of the expression in radians

ARCTAN (expression)

The arc tangent of the expression in radians

SIND (expression)

The sine of the expression in degrees

COSD (expression)

The cosine of the expression in degrees

TAND (expression)

The tangent of the expression in degrees

Using built-in

functions in

expressions

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ARCSIND (expression)

The arc sine of the expression in degrees

ARCCOSD (expression)

The arc cosine of the expression in degrees

ARCTAND (expression)

The arc tangent of the expression in degrees

File functions

Use the built-in file functions to check whether a file exists, or to check the

amount of free disk space.

The file parameter is the path name, surrounded by quotes. The drive

parameter is the drive letter.

This function

Returns this value

Example

FILE_EXISTS( "file " )

1 (true) if the specified file exists

FILE_EXISTS( "C:\Documents and Settings\All

All

Users\Shared Documents\ RSView

iew

Enterprise\SE\ActivityLog\ Activity.exp")

xp")

Returns 1 (true) if the file exists or 0 (false) if the file does

not exist.

Use this function to set a tag when a specified file has

been created or deleted.

FREE_BYTES(drive)

The number of bytes free on the

specified drive

FREE_BYTES(c)

Returns the number of bytes available on drive C, up to a

maximum of 2.1 GB.

Use this function to display a message or trigger an alarm

when disk space is getting low.

To have an expression containing these functions evaluated more than once,

assign the expression to an event rather than to an object in a graphic display.

Time functions

Use the built-in time functions to examine system time. These functions use

the time or interval parameters.

This function

Returns

TIME("time")

1 (true) if the time specified is the current time.

BEFORE_TIME("time")

1 (true) if the expression is evaluated before the specified time.

AFTER_TIME("time")

1 (true) if the expression is evaluated after the specified time.

INTERVAL("interval")

1 (true) if the specified time interval has elapsed

—

the interval timer starts running

when an event file starts running.

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Tip:

The time and interval parameters must be enclosed in

quotes.

The time parameter can include the following options:



Day of week[Sun, Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri, or Sat]



Month[Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, or Dec]



Date[1 to 31]



Year[1997 to 2100]



Hour of day[00: to 23:]



Minute[:00 to :59]



Second[:00 to :59]

It does not matter in what order options are listed. You can include any or all

of these options; the more you include, the more specific the time becomes.

Example 1: Specific time parameters

The following all represent the same date and time, and are valid time

parameters:



"mon aug 22 2005 17:00"



"mon aug 22 2005 17: :00"



":00 aug 22 mon 2005 17:"

Tip: The validity of the date is not checked. For example, if

Aug 22 2005 is not a Monday, this error is not detected.

Example 2: Less specific time parameters

Following are valid examples of time parameters:



"17:00" means any day at 5:00 ap.m.



" :30 " means any hour, on the half hour



" mon 17:" means 5:00 p.m. each Monday

The interval parameter has the format

where <units> is one of:



Mil (millisecond)



Sec (second)



Min (minute)

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Creating expressions Chapter 20

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

Hou (hour)



Day (day)



Wee (week)



Mon (month)



Yea (year)

Example 3: Time and interval functions

TIME( "sun aug 21 2005 14:30" )

If it is exactly 2:30 p.m. and 0 seconds, on Sunday, August 21, 2005, it

returns 1 (true); otherwise, it returns 0 (false).

AFTER_TIME( "sun aug 21 2005 14:30" )

Returns 1 (true) when the first time the expression is evaluated after 2:30

p.m. on Sunday, August 21, 2005.

BEFORE_TIME( "aug 21 2005" )

Returns 1 (true) the first time the expression is evaluated before August 21,

2005.

INTERVAL( "1 min" )

Returns 1 (true) if a minute has elapsed since the expression last returned a 1.

(tag1 > 500) and INTERVAL ( "30 sec" )

Returns 1 (true) when tag1 > 500 on some 30-second interval since the event

file started running. (It does not mean 30 seconds after tag1 > 500.)

Tag functions

Use the built-in tag functions to examine the status of a tag, HMI tag alarm,

or HMI alarm event (or multiple tags, or alarm events).

For information about setting up HMI tag alarms, see Setting up HMI tag

alarms on page 217.

This function

Returns this value

alm_ack(tag or alarm event)

alm_ack(tag*)

(true) if the tag’s alarm or the alarm event has been acknowledged.

If examining multiple tags, 1 (true) if one or more alarms have been

acknowledged.

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alm_allacked(tag or alarm event)

alm_allacked(tag *)

(true) if the tag’s alarm o

r the alarm event has been acknowledged.

If examining multiple tags, 1 (true) if all tags matching the pattern have been

acknowledged. If any of the tags has not been acknowledged, the expression

returns 0.

alm_fault(tag or alarm event)

alm_fault(tag *)

1 (true) if there has been an alarm fault for the specified tag or alarm event.

If examining multiple tags, 1 (true) if there has been an alarm fault for one or

more of the tags.

alm_in_alarm(tag or alarm event)

alm_in_alarm(tag *)

1 (true) if the tag or alarm event is in alarm.

If examining multiple tags, 1 (true) if one or more of the tags or alarm events

are in alarm.

alm_level(tag or alarm event)

alm_level(tag *)

The alarm level or threshold for an analog tag or alarm event. This can be

value between 1 and 8, or 0 if the tag is not in alarm.

rm.

If examining multiple tags, the highest level of the tags in alarm. For example,

if the current alarms are levels 2, 6, and 8, this function returns the value 8.

alm_severity(tag or alarm event)

alm_severity(tag*)

The severity of the alarm or alarm event. This can be a value between

1 and 8, or 0 if the tag or alarm event is not in alarm.

rm.

If examining multiple tags, the highest severity of the tags or alarm events

that are in alarm. For example, if the current alarms have severities of 1, 3,

and 6, this function returns the value 1.

alm_suppress(tag or alarm event)

alm_suppress(tag *)

(true) if the tag’s alarms are suppressed.

For multiple tags, 1 (

(

true) if one or more of the tags’ alarms are suppressed.

alm_tags_inalm(tag or alarm event)

alm_tags_inalm(tag *)

1 (true) if the tag or alarm event is in alarm.

If examining multiple tags, the number of tags or events in the query that are

in alarm, or 0 if none are in alarm.

alm_tags_inalm_unack(tag or alarm event)

alm_tags_inalm_unack(tag *)

1 (true) if the tag or event is in alarm and unacknowledged.

If examining multiple tags, the number of tags or events in the query that are

both in alarm and unacknowledged, or 0 if none are in alarm and

unacknowledged.

alm_tags_unack(tag or alarm event)

alm_tags_unack(tag *)

1 (true) if the tag or alarm event is unacknowledged; 0 if the tag or event is

acknowledged.

If examining multiple tags, the number of tags or alarm events in the query

that are unacknowledged, or 0 if all are acknowledged.

comm_err(tag)

1 (true) if the last read or write operation for the specified tag indicated a

communication failure.

You can examine the status of only one tag with this function.

Tip: If a graphic display requires more than 20 HMI tag alarm

functions, it is recommended that you use the alarm

functions in derived tags. For details, see the FactoryTalk

View Site Edition Help.

In a network distributed application, you can specify an absolute or a relative

reference to a tag. For more information, see About tag references on page

195.

To examine multiple tags at once, use a wildcard character in the expression

argument.

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This wildcard character

Does this

Matches any single character.

Matches any number of characters, including the backslash ( \ ) character.

Example: HMI tag alarm functions

ALM_IN_ALARM(/Ingredients::vessel3\TIC3\pv*)

Returns 1 (true) if one or more tags in the specified folder have a name

beginning with the letters pv and are in alarm. Returns 0 (false) if none of the

specified tags are in alarm.

In this example, the tags are in the area called Ingredients.

Security functions

Use the built-in security functions to control access to an application, based

on a user’s identity or security permissions.

This function

Returns this value

Example

CurrentComputerHasGroup

1 (True) if the current computer is assigned to the

specified group.

The group name must be enclosed in double

quotes (" ").

Note: The function only works in the Network

Station or Network Distributed application. It

always returns 1 (True) if you use it in a Local

Station application.

CurrentComputerHasGroup("Group A")

Returns 1 if the current computer is

assigned to the group Group A.

If not, returns 0.

CurrentUserHasCode

1 (true) if the user possesses any of the specified

security codes.

If checking multiple security codes, do not type a

space between the security code letters.

CurrentUserHasCode(ABP)

Returns 1 if the current user has been

assigned one or more of the specified

codes. If not, returns 0.

CurrentUserHasGroup

1 (True) if the current user is assigned to the

specified group.

The group name must be enclosed in double

quotes (" ").

CurrentUserHasGroup("Group C")

Returns 1 if the current user is assigned

to the group Group C.

If not, returns 0.

CurrentUserName

The name of the current user. The user’s domain

is not included.

CurrentUserName( )

Returns the name of the current user.

Language function

Use the built-in language function to return the name of the current run-time

language. An expression containing this function is evaluated whenever a

language switch occurs.

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This function

Returns this value

Example

CurrentLanguage

The RFC1766 name of the current

run-time language.

CurrentLanguage( )

Returns en-US, if the current run-time language is English

(United States).

FactoryTalk alarm functions

Use the built-in FactoryTalk alarm functions to examine the status of one or

more FactoryTalk alarms.

This function

Returns this value:

AE_FaultedAlarmsExist(AlarmName)

A boolean representing whether any alarm exists in Faulted state with the

specified alarms, area path, or group path.

Returns 0 if no alarm exists and 1 if one or more alarms exist.

AE_HighPriorityActive(AlarmName)

An integer from 1 to 4 representing the highest priority value associated with the

specified alarms, whose states are In Alarm .



1: Low



2: Medium



3: High



4: Urgent

If 0 is returned, it means none of the specified alarms were In Alarm .

AE_HighSeverityAcked(AlarmName)

An integer from 1 to 1000 representing the highest severity value associated with

the specified alarms, whose states are In Alarm and Acknowledged .

If 0 is returned, it means none of the specified alarms were both In Alarm and

Acknowledged.

AE_HighSeverityUnacked(AlarmName) An integer from 1 to 1000 representing the highest severity value associated with

the specified alarms, whose states are In Alarm and Unacknowledged .

If 0 is returned, it means none of the specified alarms were both In Alarm and

Unacknowledged.

AE_InAlmAckedCount(AlarmName)

A long integer from 0 to the number of FactoryTalk alarms that are In Alarm and

Acknowledged.

AE_InAlmUnackedCount(AlarmName)

A long integer from 0 to the number of FactoryTalk alarms that are In Alarm and

Unacknowledged.

AE_NormalUnackedCount(AlarmName)

A long integer from 0 to the number of FactoryTalk alarms that are Normal and

Unacknowledged.

AE_ShelvedAlarmsExist(AlarmName)

A boolean representing whether any alarm exists in Shelved state with the

specified alarms, area path, or group path.

Returns 0 if no alarm exists and 1 if one or more alarms exist.

AE_UnackedAlarmsExists(AlarmName) A boolean representing whether any alarm exists in In Alarm and

Unacknowledged state with the specified alarms, area path, or group path.

Returns 0 if no alarm exists and 1 if one or more alarms exist.

You can specify an absolute or a relative reference to an alarm source.

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To examine multiple alarms at once (a set of alarms for a machine in a

particular area, for example) use a wildcard character in the expression

argument.

This wildcard character

Table Heading

Matches any single character.

Matches any number of characters, including the backslash ( \ ) character.

For more information about using FactoryTalk alarm functions in

expressions, and for examples, see Setting up FactoryTalk alarms on page

261.

About using FactoryTalk alarm names in expressions

To supply a FactoryTalk alarm name for an expression, type it in the

Expressions box, or click the Alarms button to browse for and select one or

more tags in the Alarm Source browser.

You must specify an alarm source when you use the built-in FactoryTalk

alarm functions in an expression. An alarm source might be a single alarm, or

an area containing several alarms.

When referring to an alarm source, you can use an absolute or relative

reference.

Enclose alarm names that contain dashes or start with a number in brackets

{} when you use them in an expression. Also use brackets when using

wildcard characters ( * or ? ) to represent multiple alarms.

You can also use tag placeholders in alarm names, to substitute values for the

placeholders at run time. For more information about tag placeholders, see

Using placeholders to specify tag values on page 426.

Use if- then -else logic in an expression to carry out an action conditionally,

or to branch actions depending on the statements in the expression. You can

also use if-then-else statements to repeat actions until a condition changes.

Tip:

Do not confuse the if - then - else expression with the If

command. For details about the If command, see the

FactoryTalk View Site Edition Help.

To build conditional expressions, use the relational operators and the logical

operators for the statement, and values.

The if- then - else structure is:

If statement Then value1 Else value2

If the statement is true then the expression returns value1; if the statement is

false then the expression returns value2. Keep in mind that the statement is a

Using if -then-else

lse

logic in expressions

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mathematical equation and true means a non-zero value, and false means

zero.

Following is an illustration of the if

–

then

–

else structure:

Nested if - then - else

It is common to nest an if- then - else structure inside the then or else part of

an if - then - else structure.

Example 1: Nested if - then- else

This expression:

If statement1 Then value1

Else if statement2 Then value2

Else value3

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